Claudia Octavia was executed in AD 62 after Nero divorced her and removed her from the imperial household. Her final months were shaped by his relationship with Poppaea and by the political usefulness of accusing his former wife of adultery. Public sympathy for Octavia complicated the first attempt to send her away, but further charges supplied a pretext for banishment to Pandateria. Ancient accounts describe an ordered killing there, traditionally on June 8. They give details of violence and suffocation that belong to hostile narratives of Nero's rule and cannot all be independently verified. The accusations should likewise not be treated as established evidence of her conduct. The broad sequence is divorce, exile and execution, not a securely documented natural illness. She was still very young, and her connection with Claudius made her both dynastically important and vulnerable. The later tragedy Octavia preserved the pathos of her fate but did not provide a contemporary transcript of her final conversations. A responsible account therefore retains the political killing and island confinement while qualifying the exact method, private exchanges and claims used to justify the sentence.