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Historic Sites of the Mongol Invasions
(1206-1368)
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About the Mongol Invasions
The Mongol Invasions were successive campaigns by Genghis Khan and his successors that created a vast Eurasian empire during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Mongol forces conquered states across China, Central Asia, the Middle East, and eastern Europe, combining mobile cavalry warfare with siege techniques. Later campaigns and resistance continued under the empire's successor states, including the Yuan dynasty in China.
Geography of the Mongol Invasions
The invasions spread from the Mongolian steppe across northern and southern China, Central Asia, Iran, the Caucasus, and the lands of Rus'. Armies also entered Poland and Hungary and advanced into the eastern Mediterranean region. Expeditions reached Korea, Japan, mainland Southeast Asia, and Java, with varying outcomes. Open grasslands favored cavalry movement, while deserts, mountain barriers, fortified cities, tropical environments, and sea crossings complicated expansion.
Great Wall at Badaling, Beijing
Badaling Town, Yanqing District, Beijing, China
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Kazan Kremlin
Kremlyovskaya St, 2, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420014, Russia
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Map of Historic Sites of the Mongol Invasions