William Jennings Bryan

(1860-1925)
BIRTH
March 19, 1860
PLACE
Salem, Illinois, USA
DEATH
July 26, 1925
PLACE
Dayton, Tennessee, USA
FAMILY
FATHER
Silas Bryan
(1822–1880)
HOMES
NICKNAMES
Great Commoner; Boy Orator of the Platte
POLITICAL VIEWS
EVOLUTION TEACHING OPPONENT, FREE SILVER ADVOCATE, INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION ADVOCATE, SUFFRAGIST, TEMPERANCE ADVOCATE
DEMOCRATIC
RELIGIOUS VIEWS
CHRISTIAN
PRESBYTERIAN
MEMBERSHIPS
LINCOLN NEBRASKA FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH MEMBER
AWARDS
William Jennings Bryan was a Nebraska congressman and three-time Democratic presidential nominee, famous for his 1896 "Cross of Gold" speech, who served as Woodrow Wilson's Secretary of State and prosecuted John Scopes in 1925. Bryan entered politics in Nebraska and was elected to the U.S. House as a Democrat, serving from 1891 to 1895. He made free coinage of silver his signature cause. He published the weekly The Commoner and lectured widely.
EARLY LIFE
William Jennings Bryan was born on March 19, 1860, in Salem, Illinois, the son of Silas Bryan, a lawyer and circuit judge, and Mariah Jennings Bryan. He attended Whipple Academy and Illinois College in Jacksonville, graduating as valedictorian in 1881, and received his law degree from Union College of Law in Chicago in 1883. He married Mary Baird in 1884 and practiced law in Jacksonville before moving to Lincoln, Nebraska, in 1887.
Bryan entered politics in Nebraska and was elected to the U.S. House as a Democrat, serving from 1891 to 1895. He made free coinage of silver his signature cause. At the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 9, 1896, his "Cross of Gold" speech won him the presidential nomination at age 36. He lost to William McKinley, and again in 1900 and to William Howard Taft in 1908.
During the Spanish-American War he commanded the 3rd Nebraska Volunteer Infantry as a colonel, though the regiment did not see combat. He published the weekly The Commoner and lectured widely. Woodrow Wilson appointed him Secretary of State in 1913, and he negotiated a series of arbitration treaties with some thirty countries. He resigned in June 1915 over Wilson's firm notes to Germany after the sinking of the Lusitania.
In his later years Bryan supported Prohibition and women's suffrage and led the campaign against teaching evolution in public schools. In July 1925 he assisted the prosecution in the Scopes Trial at Dayton, Tennessee, where defense attorney Clarence Darrow questioned him on the witness stand. He died in Dayton on July 26, 1925, days after the trial ended.
CAREER
DEATH
William Jennings Bryan died in Dayton, Tennessee, on July 26, 1925, aged 65, only days after the conclusion of the Scopes trial. He had remained in Tennessee after the proceedings and continued to give speeches. On the day of his death he attended church, ate and lay down to rest; he was found to have died in his sleep. Historical accounts use the term apoplexy, often interpreted as a stroke, but the exact immediate medical mechanism should not be treated as conclusively established by that broad label. His final days were unusually public because of the trial's national attention, yet the intensity of the controversy does not prove that humiliation, overwork or emotional distress caused his death. He had also lived with diabetes, a separate part of his medical history that should not automatically replace the reported immediate cause. He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. The supported sequence is continued activity after the trial followed by a sudden death during rest, rather than a fully documented long terminal illness. A responsible account keeps the dramatic political setting distinct from medical certainty and avoids treating popular explanations of his state of mind as established evidence.
POPULAR BIOGRAPHIES
1. A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryan — Michael Kazin. Find on Amazon
2. Bryan: A Political Biography of William Jennings Bryan — Louis W. Koenig. Find on Amazon
3. A Righteous Cause: The Life of William Jennings Bryan — Robert W. Cherny. Find on Amazon
4. Defender of the Faith: William Jennings Bryan, the Last Decade, 1915–1925 — Lawrence W. Levine. [Biography of his later life] Find on Amazon
5. William Jennings Bryan, Volume I: Political Evangelist, 1860–1908 — Paolo E. Coletta. [Biography, volume 1] Find on Amazon
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