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Varina Davis

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(1826-1906)

BIRTH

May 7, 1826

PLACE

Natchez, Mississippi

NAME

Varina Banks Howell

DEATH

October 16, 1906

PLACE

New York, New York

FAMILY

HOMES

NICKNAMES

Winnie

RELIGIOUS VIEWS

CHRISTIAN

EPISCOPALIAN

MEMBERSHIPS

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AWARDS

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Varina Howell Davis was the wife of Jefferson Davis and first lady of the Confederate States of America, and in later life she became a writer and journalist in New York City. Her grandfather Richard Howell had been governor of New Jersey. In 1861, when he became president of the Confederacy, she became its first lady, living in Richmond until the city's fall in 1865. The couple had six children, but all four of their sons died before their father.

EARLY LIFE

Varina Banks Howell was born on May 7, 1826, in Natchez, Mississippi, the daughter of William Burr Howell, a merchant and planter from New Jersey, and Margaret Louisa Kempe. Her grandfather Richard Howell had been governor of New Jersey. She received a good education, attending a private academy in Philadelphia and studying with a tutor in Natchez. In 1843 she met Jefferson Davis, a widowed planter nearly twenty years her senior, at a Christmas gathering at his brother's plantation. Despite her family's concerns about the age difference and his politics, they married at her family's home, the Briars, in Natchez on February 26, 1845.

Varina accompanied her husband to Washington when he served in Congress, in the Senate, and as secretary of war, and she became a noted hostess. In 1861, when he became president of the Confederacy, she became its first lady, living in Richmond until the city's fall in 1865.

She was with Jefferson Davis when he was captured in Georgia in May 1865 and campaigned for his release from prison. The couple had six children, but all four of their sons died before their father.

After her husband's death in 1889, Varina published a memoir of him and moved to New York City, where she wrote for Joseph Pulitzer's newspaper The World. She died in New York City on October 16, 1906.

CAREER

DEATH

Varina Howell Davis was the wife of Jefferson Davis and first lady of the Confederate States of America, and in later life she became a writer and journalist in New York City. She was active socially until poor health in her final years forced her retirement from work and any sort of public life. In 1861, when he became president of the Confederacy, she became its first lady, living in Richmond until the city's fall in 1865. She was with Jefferson Davis when he was captured in Georgia in May 1865 and campaigned for his release from prison. Varina Davis was active socially until poor health in her final years forced her retirement from work and any sort of public life. Davis died at age 80 of double pneumonia in her room at the Hotel Majestic on October 16, 1906. She was survived by her daughter Margaret Davis Hayes and several grandchildren and great-grandchildren. The available biographical account does not describe a continuous final medical course. It gives no dependable sequence of treatment and last symptoms from which to reconstruct a more detailed bedside narrative.

POPULAR BIOGRAPHIES

Varina Howell Davis, Jefferson Davis’s wife and a writer in her own right. Cashin, Ross and Rowland are biographies; her memoir concerns her husband and is labelled as related family reading. Five dedicated biographies were not identified. These editorial selections include biographies where available, with personal writings, collective biography, reference works and related studies clearly labelled.

1. First Lady of the Confederacy: Varina Davis’s Civil War — Joan E. Cashin. Find on Amazon

2. First Lady of the South: The Life of Mrs. Jefferson Davis — Ishbel Ross. Find on Amazon

3. Varina Howell, Wife of Jefferson Davis — Eron Rowland. [Biography; two volumes counted as one work] Find on Amazon

4. Jefferson Davis, Ex-President of the Confederate States of America: A Memoir by His Wife — Varina Davis. [Related primary family memoir; two volumes counted as one work] Find on Amazon

5. The House of Percy: Honor, Melancholy, and Imagination in a Southern Family — Bertram Wyatt-Brown. [Related family biographical history] Find on Amazon

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