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Kato Svanidze

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(1885-1907)

BIRTH

1885

PLACE

Baji, Georgia

NAME

Ekaterine Svanidze

DEATH

December 5, 1907

PLACE

Tbilisi, Georgia

FAMILY

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HUSBAND

Joseph Stalin

(1878-1953)

HOMES

NICKNAMES

Kato

RELIGIOUS VIEWS

CHRISTIAN

DENOMINATION NOT DOCUMENTED

MEMBERSHIPS

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AWARDS

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Kato Svanidze was the first wife of Joseph Stalin and the mother of his eldest son, Yakov. Her brother Alexander Svanidze was a revolutionary and a friend of the young Ioseb Jughashvili, later known as Stalin. Kato married Jughashvili in July 1906 in a secret Orthodox church ceremony in Tiflis, since he was wanted by the police. Jughashvili was often away on revolutionary work, and Kato fell ill with typhus. Kato died in Tiflis on December 5, 1907.

EARLY LIFE

Ekaterine Svanidze, known as Kato, was born in 1885 in the village of Baji, in western Georgia, then part of the Russian Empire, into a family of minor Georgian nobility. Her brother Alexander Svanidze was a revolutionary and a friend of the young Ioseb Jughashvili, later known as Stalin. Kato worked as a seamstress in a dressmaking shop in Tiflis, now Tbilisi, which revolutionaries used as a meeting place. There she met Jughashvili, a young Bolshevik activist working underground in the Caucasus.

Kato married Jughashvili in July 1906 in a secret Orthodox church ceremony in Tiflis, since he was wanted by the police.

Their son, Yakov, was born in March 1907. Jughashvili was often away on revolutionary work, and Kato fell ill with typhus.

Kato died in Tiflis on December 5, 1907. According to a friend, Stalin said at her funeral that she had softened his heart of stone. Yakov was raised by her family and later died as a prisoner of the Germans in the Second World War.

CAREER

DEATH

The stress of worrying about Jughashvili, as well as the isolation and warm climate took a toll on her health, and Svanidze soon fell ill. According to a friend, Stalin said at her funeral that she had softened his heart of stone. Her brother Alexander was a confidant of Stalin, then still known by his birth name of Ioseb Jughashvili, and introduced him to Svanidze in 1905. The family moved to Baku to avoid arrest, though Svanidze got quite ill there and returned to Tiflis in 1907, dying shortly after her return, likely from typhoid or tuberculosis. Kato Svanidze was the first wife of Joseph Stalin and the mother of his eldest son, Yakov. Her brother Alexander Svanidze was a revolutionary and a friend of the young Ioseb Jughashvili, later known as Stalin. Kato married Jughashvili in July 1906 in a secret Orthodox church ceremony in Tiflis, since he was wanted by the police. Jughashvili was often away on revolutionary work, and Kato fell ill with typhus. Kato died in Tiflis on December 5, 1907. The available biographical account does not describe a continuous final medical course. It gives no dependable sequence of treatment and last symptoms from which to reconstruct a more detailed bedside narrative.

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