Cornelia, wife of Julius Caesar

(c. 97, possibly 100–69 BC)
BIRTH
Around 97 BC (100?)
PLACE
Rome, Italy
DEATH
69 BC
PLACE
Rome, Italy
FAMILY
HOMES
RELIGIOUS VIEWS
RELIGION NOT DOCUMENTED
DENOMINATION NOT DOCUMENTED
MEMBERSHIPS
AWARDS
Cornelia was Julius Caesar’s wife and the daughter of the political leader Lucius Cornelius Cinna. Their marriage linked Caesar to the faction defeated by Sulla, who demanded that he divorce her; ancient accounts say Caesar refused and suffered financial and political penalties. She bore their daughter Julia, later married to Pompey, and died around 69–68 BCE. Caesar delivered a public funeral speech for her. Her exact birth date and much of her personal life remain unknown.
EARLY LIFE
Cornelia, the daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna and wife of Julius Caesar, was probably born around 97 BC, although another reference gives around 100 BC. Her exact birth date is unknown. She married Caesar in the 80s BC and was the mother of their daughter Julia. She is distinct from the earlier Cornelia who was the mother of the Gracchi.
After Sulla won the civil war in 82 BC, he ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia. Caesar refused, losing his priesthood and her dowry, and went into hiding until friends persuaded Sulla to pardon him.
Cornelia and Caesar had a daughter, Julia, born around 76 BC, who later married Pompey.
Cornelia died in 69 BC. Caesar delivered a funeral oration for her in the Forum, an honor usually given only to older women, which won him popular sympathy.
CAREER
DEATH
Cornelia was Julius Caesar’s wife and the daughter of the political leader Lucius Cornelius Cinna. Their marriage linked Caesar to the faction defeated by Sulla, who demanded that he divorce her; ancient accounts say Caesar refused and suffered financial and political penalties. Caesar delivered a public funeral speech for her. After Sulla won the civil war in 82 BC, he ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia. Caesar refused, losing his priesthood and her dowry, and went into hiding until friends persuaded Sulla to pardon him. Caesar delivered a funeral oration for her in the Forum, an honor usually given only to older women, which won him popular sympathy. After about thirteen years of marriage, Cornelia died early in her husband's quaestorship, which occurred in BC 69 or 68. Caesar was due to depart for Spain, and had already pronounced the funeral oration of his aunt, Julia, from the rostra, as was customary for elderly Roman matrons. He then gave an oration in honour of Cornelia, which was extraordinary in the case of a young woman, although it later became commonplace. Historically, Cornelia is often stated to have died in childbirth, but this is not confirmed.
POPULAR BIOGRAPHIES
Cornelia, Julius Caesar’s first wife and Cinna’s daughter, distinct from Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi. The biographies of Caesar are related family reading. Editorial selections prioritize biographical coverage; five standalone biographies were not established. Collective biography, family reference, primary writings and related studies are labelled individually. Multi-volume works and series are counted as one selection.
1. Caesar: Life of a Colossus — Adrian Goldsworthy. [Related biography of her husband] Find on Amazon
2. Caesar: A Biography — Christian Meier. [Related biography of her husband] Find on Amazon
3. Julius Caesar — Philip Freeman. [Related biography of her husband] Find on Amazon
4. Women in the Classical World: Image and Text — Elaine Fantham; Helene Peet Foley; Natalie Boymel Kampen; Sarah B. Pomeroy; H. A. Shapiro. [Related collective biographical and social history] Find on Amazon
5. Roman Women — Eve D'Ambra. [Collective biographical and social history] Find on Amazon
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