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Bess Truman

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(1885-1982)

BIRTH

February 13, 1885

PLACE

Independence, Missouri, USA

NAME

Elizabeth Virginia Wallace

DEATH

October 18, 1982

PLACE

Independence, Missouri, USA

FAMILY

General_George_Washington_at_Trenton_by_John_Trumbull_edited_edited.jpg

HUSBAND

Harry S. Truman

(1884-1972)

HOMES

NICKNAMES

Bess; Bessie; the Boss

RELIGIOUS VIEWS

CHRISTIAN

EPISCOPALIAN

MEMBERSHIPS

ST. AGNES GUILD MEMBER

AWARDS

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Bess Truman was First Lady from 1945 to 1953 and a private woman who kept press contact to a minimum, working earlier as husband Harry S. Truman's Senate office secretary. She was listed as a secretary on her husband's Senate payroll from 1941 to 1945, handling correspondence. She restricted press interviews and refused to hold press conferences. After Truman died in 1972, she stayed in the house, and she died in Independence on October 18, 1982.

EARLY LIFE

Elizabeth Virginia Wallace was born on February 13, 1885, in Independence, Missouri, the daughter of David Willock Wallace and Margaret Gates Wallace. She attended the Barstow School in Kansas City and had known Harry Truman since Sunday school. They married on June 28, 1919, after his return from service in the First World War.

Bess Truman was listed as a secretary on her husband's Senate payroll from 1941 to 1945, handling correspondence. She disliked political life, preferring privacy in Independence and Washington, and had a limited role as the wife of the vice president in 1945.

After Franklin D. Roosevelt's death on April 12, 1945, she became First Lady. She restricted press interviews and refused to hold press conferences. During the 1948-1952 reconstruction of the White House the family lived at Blair House.

The Trumans returned to Independence in 1953, living at 219 North Delaware Street. After Truman died in 1972, she stayed in the house, and she died in Independence on October 18, 1982.

CAREER

DEATH

Bess Truman died at Independence, Missouri, on October 18, 1982, aged ninety-seven, after declining health and heart failure. Her final weeks followed hospitalization for a bleeding ulcer in September. She returned to the family home, where she had lived for much of her life and throughout the years after Harry Truman's death in 1972. The National Park Service's account places her death in her bedroom there. Congestive heart failure was the reported immediate cause, but the public record does not provide a complete clinical chart linking every earlier condition to the end. Her final period was therefore one of increasing frailty and medical difficulty within a long-established domestic setting, rather than continued public activity as a former first lady. She had always guarded the privacy of family life, and detailed bedside conversations should not be invented to fill the gaps in the account. A private funeral followed on October 21, and she was buried beside her husband in the courtyard of the Truman Library. Those arrangements joined the public commemoration of the presidency to the private life she had maintained in Independence. The supported sequence is illness, a September hospital stay, return home and death the following month, with the exact final medical course remaining largely private.

POPULAR BIOGRAPHIES

Elizabeth “Bess” Wallace Truman. Sale and Margaret Truman are dedicated biographies; Dear Bess contains Harry Truman’s letters to his wife. Five dedicated biographies were not identified. These editorial selections include biographies where available, with personal writings, collective biography, reference works and related studies clearly labelled.

1. Bess Wallace Truman: Harry’s White House “Boss” — Sara L. Sale. Find on Amazon

2. Bess W. Truman — Margaret Truman. [Family biography] Find on Amazon

3. Dear Bess: The Letters from Harry to Bess Truman, 1910–1959 — Harry S. Truman; Robert H. Ferrell (editor). [Primary marital correspondence] Find on Amazon

4. A Companion to First Ladies — Katherine A. S. Sibley (editor). [Collective biography] Find on Amazon

5. Truman — David McCullough. [Related biography of her husband] Find on Amazon

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